NUM-score: A clinical-analytical model for personalised imaging after urinary tract infections.

AIM: To identify predictive variables and construct a predictive model along with a decision algorithm to identify nephrourological malformations (NUM) in children with febrile urinary tract infections (fUTI), enhancing the efficiency of imaging diagnostics. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients aged <16 years with fUTI at the Emergency Department with subsequent microbiological confirmation between 2014 and 2020. The follow-up period was at least 2 years. Patients were categorised into two groups: 'NUM' with previously known nephrourological anomalies or those diagnosed during the follow-up and 'Non-NUM' group. RESULTS: Out of 836 eligible patients, 26.8% had underlying NUMs. The study identified six key risk factors: recurrent UTIs, non-Escherichia coli infection, moderate acute kidney injury, procalcitonin levels >2 µg/L, age <3 months at the first UTI and fUTIs beyond 24 months. These risk factors were used to develop a predictive model with an 80.7% accuracy rate and elaborate a NUM-score classifying patients into low, moderate and high-risk groups, with a 10%, 35% and 93% prevalence of NUM. We propose an algorithm for approaching imaging tests following a fUTI. CONCLUSION: Our predictive score may help physicians decide about imaging tests. However, prospective validation of the model will be necessary before its application in daily clinical practice.

Pediatric Emergency Department Management of C1 Inhibitor Deficiency.

INTRODUCTION: C1 inhibitor deficiency is a rare, potentially life-threatening syndrome. Acute attacks of angioedema may occur at any time, so the emergency department (ED) constitutes an indispensable component of its care. AIM: To describe the reasons for consultation by children with C1 inhibitor deficiency at the ED, as well as its management and complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a longitudinal retrospective study conducted in a pediatric ED of a tertiary care hospital in Madrid. The study includes children with C1 inhibitor deficiency, aged 0 to 16 years, who had consulted the ED for whatever reason, over a span of 9 years (2011-2020). Analyzed data include the following: age, sex, type of disease, reason for query, complementary examinations, established diagnosis, treatment, number of visits to the ED, length of ED stay, and admissions. RESULTS: Sixteen patients, amounting a total of 83 ED visits, were analyzed. Fifty-six percent were boys, and the median age was 6.9 years (5 months to 15.9 years). The median and mean of number of visits to the ED per patient was 2 (1-22) and 5.2 ± 6.11, respectively. There were 85.5% of the ED visits initially attributed to acute angioedema attacks. Additional tests were conducted in 30.1%, and 31.3% required C1 inhibitor concentrate. Three episodes required hospital admission (3.6%), and there were no complications. The stay in the ED was longer for patients who needed specific intravenous treatment. CONCLUSIONS: C1 inhibitor deficiency is a rare disease that may require ED care. The main reasons for ED visits were respiratory problems, and the main location of the acute attacks of angioedema were abdominal and cutaneous. Almost one third of the ED visits needed specific treatment, resulting in longer stays. A proper management in the ED and the specific treatment with C1 inhibitor concentrate were effective in 96.2% of the acute attacks of angioedema. Knowledge of this disease in the ED is key to prevent complications.

Comparación entre la primera y la segunda ola de la pandemia producida por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 en urgencias pediátricas de un hospital terciario de Madrid / Comparison between patients attended in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Madrid in the first and second wave of coronavirus SARS-COV-2 pandemic

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Impacto del desconfinamiento por la pandemia por COVID-19 sobre el patrón de traumatismos observados en un servicio de urgencias / Impact of deconfinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the trauma pattern observed in an emergency department

Introducción: después de 42 días de confinamiento decretado por la situación de pandemia mundial por la COVID-19, se permitió la salida de los domicilios a los menores de 14 años. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el impacto de este periodo de desconfinamiento en el perfil de accidentes traumatológicos en niños. Material y métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional retrospectivo de los menores de 16 años atendidos en Urgencias de un hospital terciario por traumatismo entre el 26 de abril de 2020 y el inicio de la desescalada en la Comunidad de Madrid el día 24 de mayo del mismo año. Se comparó el número de traumatismos, las fracturas, el mecanismo de acción y la localización, entre otros, con respecto al mismo periodo del año anterior. Resultados: se observó un aumento significativo en el porcentaje de fracturas respecto al año 2019 (41,9 frente al 11,3%; p <0,001). El porcentaje de accidentes secundarios a vehículos con ruedas (43,9 frente al 6,2%; p <0,001) fue significativamente superior durante 2020, siendo los asociados a bicicleta (35,4%) y patinete (32,2%) los más frecuentes. Conclusiones: durante el periodo de desconfinamiento, se ha producido un notable incremento de los accidentes provocados por vehículos con ruedas en la población infantil, aunque esta observación probablemente esté influida por las medidas organizativas específicas puestas en marcha en Madrid en el periodo de tiempo estudiado (AU)

Introduction: after 42 days of lockdojavascript:void(Set_Locked(0,'GRAVA REGISTRO/COMPLEMENTO.x'))wn imposed due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, children under 14 years were allowed to leave their homes. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of the period following the lifting of confinement measures on traumatic injury trends in children.Material and methods: we carried out a retrospective and observational study in children aged less than 16 years that presented with traumatic injuries to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital between April 26 and the start of the scaling down in the Community of Madrid on May 24. We compared the frequency of traumatic injuries and fractures, the mechanism and site of injury and other variables to those recorded in the same period the year before.Results: there was a significant increase in the proportion of fractures compared to 2019 (41.9 vs. 11.3%; p <0.001). The percentage of accidents related to wheeled vehicles was significantly higher in 2020 (43.9 vs. 6.2%; p <0.001), with these accidents most frequently involving bicycles (35.4%) and scooters (32.2%).Conclusions: in the period following the lockdown, there was a remarkable increase in accidents related to wheeled vehicles in the paediatric population, although this outcome was probably influenced by specific organizational measures implemented in Madrid in the period under study. (AU)